Rates and Product Identification for Trenbolone Acetate Metabolite Biotransformation Under Aerobic Conditions
Publication Date
7-1-2015
Document Type
Article
Abstract
Trenbolone acetate metabolites are endocrine-active contaminants discharged into the aquatic environment in runoff from agricultural fields, rangelands, and concentrated animal feeding operations. To investigate the environmental fate of these compounds and their biotransformation mechanisms, the authors used inocula from a variety of different water sources and dosed biologically active microcosms with approximately 1400 ng/L of trenbolone acetate metabolites, including 17β-trenbolone, trendione, and 17α-trenbolone. To investigate aerobic biotransformation rates and interconversions between known trenbolone acetate metabolites, gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure concentrations and assess product distributions as a function of time. High-resolution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to characterize novel transformation products and potential transformation pathways. Kinetic analysis yields observed half-lives of approximately 0.9 d, 1.3 d, and 2.2 d for 17β-trenbolone, trendione, and 17α-trenbolone, respectively, at 20 °C, although colder conditions increased half-lives to 8.5 d and biphasic transformation was observed. Relative to reported faster attenuation rates in soils, trenbolone acetate metabolites are likely more persistent in aqueous systems. Product distributions indicate an enzymatic preference for biotransformation between trendione and 17β-trenbolone. The LC-MS/MS characterization indicates dehydrogenation products as the major detectable products and demonstrates that major structural elements responsible for bioactivity in steroids are likely retained during biotransformation.
Publication Title
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Volume
34
Issue
7
First Page
1472
Last Page
1484
DOI
10.1002/etc.2962
Publisher Policy
pre-print, post-print (with 12 month embargo)
Recommended Citation
Cole, Emily A.; McBride, Samantha A.; Kimbrough, Kaitlin C.; Lee, Jaewoong; Marchand, Eric A.; Cwiertny, David M.; and Kolodziej, Edward P., "Rates and Product Identification for Trenbolone Acetate Metabolite Biotransformation Under Aerobic Conditions" (2015). SIAS Faculty Publications. 574.
https://digitalcommons.tacoma.uw.edu/ias_pub/574